pregnancy, breastfeeding, childbirth, homebirth

Second Trimester of Pregnancy

Weeks 15 Through 26 of Gestation





During the second trimester of pregnancy, the enlargement of your uterus will become more apparent...and you will start showing.

You will also begin to feel your baby move - this is referred as quickening.

By now, the early complaints of pregnancy - mainly nausea and fatigue - will start to go away. You will feel well again!

Know that your baby may grow in spurts rather than in a regular pattern. This is normal. You may experience spurts in your weight gain as well. Do not be sad at the weight gain, your body is doing its job...




second trimester of pregnancy



If you are well nourished your blood volume is gradually continuing to climb. Malnourishment during this time will lead to an inadequate blood volume expansion***, and also an inadequate growth of your baby's placenta - further affecting your baby's growth. Pregnancy is NOT the time to diet! Good prenatal nutrition is vital.

***Blood volume: During pregnancy, your blood volume needs to increase as your pregnancy advances, with the peak volume occurring during the second trimester of your pregnancy between 28 and 30 weeks.

Your blood volume needs to increase by 50 to 60%. An inadequate blood volume expansion is a sign that a pregnancy is unhealthy.

Nobody wants to get "bigger" in a society which is fixated on weight. However, your baby needs you to gain an appropriate amount of weight. This is very important. Your baby's birth weight is a predictor of future health AND survival.

Remember, you are not getting fat...you are having a baby!

You may start to feel some Braxton-Hicks contractions - also known as false labor or practice contractions. Braxton Hicks are sporadic - irregular - uterine contractions that actually start at about 6 weeks, although you will not feel them that early. Most women start feeling them during the third or even the second trimester of pregnancy.

Braxton-Hicks are a sign of health: your uterus is healthy and practicing. Unless your diet is inadequate or you have cervical or uterine abnormalities, they will not lead to premature labor.

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Resource for "Second Trimester of Pregnancy:" Holistic Midwifery - Anne Frye




The Second Trimester of Pregnancy: Fetal Development

Weeks Baby's
Weight
Baby's
Height
Development
14 - 4" Sex easily distinguishable; liver and thyroid functional; blood forming in bone marrow
15 - - Lanugo appearing; head hair forming

Lanugo is hair that grows on the body in an attempt to insulate the skin because of lack of fat. Lanugo is very fine, and may grow densely on the body in places where significant amounts of hair does not normally grow. It occurs on fetuses as a normal part of gestation, but is usually shed before birth.

16 - 6 1/2" Muscles contracting more vigorously; skin transparent; blood vessels visible
17 - - Skeleton visible on an x-ray
18 - 7" Vernix caseosa forming on skin; meconium collecting; FHT (fetal heart tones) can be heard with a fetoscope; fetal movement felt

Vernix caseosa: also called vernix, it is the waxy or "cheesy" white substance found coating the skin of newborn humans.

Meconium: it is the earliest stools of an infant.

Fetoscope: this is a special type of stethoscope used for listening to a baby.

19 - - Onset of rapid growth; iron starts to be stored; enamel and dentine deposited
20 300g or 10.5 oz 10" Downy lanugo covers the entire body; some scalp hair
21 - - Eyebrows and eyelashes visible; head hair forming; fundal height at navel

Fundal height: It is a measure of the size of the uterus used to assess fetal growth and development. It is measured from the top of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus in centimeters.

22-23--Skin less transparent and wrinkled; vernix accumulating
2422oz12"If born will attempt to breathe
25-- in red, shiny, and thin
26--Fetal outline may be felt abdominally

Resource for second trimester of pregnancy: Handbook of Maternal-Newborn Nursing edited by
Kathleen Buckley and Nancy W. Kulb






third trimester of pregnancy








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